Elisa Hedman

Breeders register with the State Board; mating from 18 months to eight years, one litter a year, five in total, sale from eight weeks.

No national breeder license; dogs need rabies vaccination and city registration, with strict local rules in Beijing and Shanghai.

Registered breeders may mate females up to six (or seven), six litters in total, and may not sell puppies under 56 days.

A permit from three litters a year, mating from 18 months, rest after two litters, puppies from eight weeks, plus SKK’s stricter rules.

Register from six breeding bitches, sell from eight weeks with a microchip, and follow strict ad rules. Breeding limits were proposed in 2026.

Council licenses from three litters a year, breeding limits in England and Scotland, and puppies sold from eight weeks, microchipped and registered.

The EU’s 2026 dog welfare law: approval above five litters, breeding limits, microchips and online ad checks, applying in stages from 2028.